Pulverizer



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. P. J ANES.

l PULVERIZER. v

No. 54L972. Patented `July 2, 1895.

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urti-3D STATES FFICE PU LVERIZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 541,972, dated July 2, 1895.

.Application filed August 30, 1894. Serial No.' 521,698. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE PoRTLocK JANEs, a citizen-of the United States of America, residing at Roselle, Union county, State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of pulverizing mills in which a movable grinding surface rolls upon a stationary (or differently moving) grinding surface.

A principal object of` my improvements is the mounting of the movable grinder or muller in such manner that its contact with the opposing grinder need not be relied upon to keep it in place, and so that its movement may be better controlled and more smooth and regular, with little friction except between the grinding surfaces. By my improvements also I am enabled to cause a considerable progression or advance of the `movable `vention.

grinding surface on the stationary surface, promoting the grinding action and rendering even the wear upon the parts.

A further object of my invention is to provide in a pulverizer ot' the clasps described means for the exclusion of dust from the'bearings of the muller.

A further object of my invention is to improve the construction of the muller and of the opposing grinder.

A further object of my invention is to facilitate the separation and removal of the pulverized material.

With such objects in view my invention consists in the parts and combinations thereof hereinafter set forth.

In order to make my invention more clearly understood I have shown in the accompanying drawings, means for carrying it into practical eect, without limiting my improvements, in their useful applications, to the particular construction, which, for the sake of illustration, I have delineated.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a pulverizer embodying my in- Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same on line II II, Fig. 1, with a portion of the muller broken away. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a portion of one of the muller bearings. Fig. 4 is a' view of another form of the invention. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view showing another means for securing and ad' justing theportions of the muller bearings.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates a base of suitable material, such as cast iron, formed with an annular channel or recess 2, constituting the mortar of the device. The base may be made in one piece, but one feature of my improvements consists in constructing the base ot' a series of wedgeshaped sections, or sectors, 3, 4, whereby a base ot' .great weight andsolidity may be conveniently sired to obstruct the exit from the machine of material not sufficiently reduced. Vithin the base is formed a dust chamber 18. The outer ends of the base-sections extend upwardras indicated at 10, forming a hopper 11 around the mortar for the reception of material to be ground. 12 is an annular plate or guard in said hopper to limit and regulate the feed of such material into the mortar. The plate l2 is supported a little above the-bottom of the hopper by brackets 13 so as to leave a narrow feed space. This will be larger or smaller according to the character of material treated.

14 indicates separate and removable segments constituting a grinding ring which furnishes the stationary, or relatively stationary, grinding surface. Said segments fit in the mortar 2.

The lower portion of the pulverizer above described is mounted on a suitable foundation, to which it may be secured by anchor bolts 15.

16 indicates rubber or equivalent packings interposed between the base and foundation,

to lessen noise and diminish the jar to the parts of the machine.

17 is a duct opening within the base 1 and communicatingwiththechamberlS. Through this duct is removed `the finely pulverized material by the action of a fan 19 or other suitable appliance.

20 is the muller or movable grinding part of the machine. It consists of a suitable heavy frame, preferably, but not necessarily, hemispherical in general shape, carrying around its lower edge a grinding die or surface 21. This is preferably made in sections secured to the muller frame by bolts 22. The heads of said bolts rest in deep recesses 23 in the bottom of the die-sections, and are covered byscrew plugs 24. The muller frame or body is composed of wedge-shaped sections 25, having on their under sides inwardly extending arms 2S. which sections are held together by bands 26, 27, around bearings 29, 30, the former being situated between the upper ends of the muller-sections and the latter between the inner extremities of the arms 28. These bearings are in the form of a hollow sphere, or portion thereof, so as to have a universal action and permit the rolling of the muller on its edge around the mortal'. The bearings are divided horizontally into upper and lower halves or portions which are held in place together by plates 31, secured to the muller sections by bolts 32, (Fig. 1,) or screwed thereinto, (Fig. 5.)

33 is a vertical rotary driving shaft having a pulley 34 for the reception of power and passing through the bearings 29 and 30. The shaft is held from lateral movement by suitable flxed bearings, in which,however, it may move vertically, thus permitting the millier carried by the shaft Yto accommodate itself constantly to the surface of the mortar, and to sink slightly as the ring 21 becomes worn. One of said fixed bearings is conveniently formed in the part- 7 of the base 1, and another is situated at 35 above the muller and is supported by any suitable frame. Not shown.

36 is a spherical journal fixed centrally on the shaft 33 and fitting within the lower bearing 30 ofthe muller. By this means the movement of the muller is accurately guided, with minimum friction and without limiting the force of its bearing upon or conformation to the surface of the mortar.

37 is an eccentricspherical journal fixed on the shaft 33 and fitting. within the upper bearing 29. the diameters of the mortar and muller, as to give the latter, when the shaft is rotated, a rolling motion which brings all parts of its grinding surface into contact successively with the surface of the grinding ring 14, as indicated in dotted and full lines in Fig. 1. The muller being of the greater diameter will gradually gain upon the mortar, so that in one revolution of the shaft the muller will have made a part of a rotation and different parts of the grinding rings 21 and 14 will cooperate with each other during the second turn of the shaft, and so on. In, say, seventeen turns of the shaft the muller will have made a complete rotation.

In apparatus of the class described the fine shaft 33.

Its eccentricity is such, relative to dust penetrates and causes great wear of the bearings. I obviate such difficulty without interfering with the operation of the muller by extensible dust guards.

38 is a guard of flexible material or constructed of a series ot' connected folding rings.

At its lower end it rests upon the bearings 7 or upon the top of the base 1, and at its upper end is secured to the plate 3l of the bearing 30. 39 is a similar guard connnecting the top of the muller above the bearing 29 with a loose ring or stuffing box 40 on the 41 is a fixed guard of any suitable material extending between and inclosing the ends of the bearings 29 and 30. The bearings of the machine liable to be penetrated by the pulverized material are protected by this system of guards without limiting the oscillation and rotation of the muller.

42 is an oil cup below the bearing7 and inclosing the lower endot' the shaft 33, whereby any oil is prevented from dripping into the dust chamber.

43 indicates openings which may be left between the sections 25 of the muller, for ingress of air and to give access to the interior of the device.

Anysuitable means may be provided for taliing up wear in the bearings 29 and 40. For inr stance the upper and lower parts of the bearing may oe connected by bolts44, as indicated in Fig. 3, by screwing up the nuts 45 of which said parts may be caused to approach and take up any looseness.

A greater eccentricity may be given to the IOO muller by mounting the journal 37 on a lateral arm of the shaft 33,as seen in Fig. 4. In such case the journal 36 may be carried on a separate shaft.

I claim- 1. In a pulverizer, a muller provided with differently disposed spherical bearings, and a shaft independent of the muller carrying spherical journals for said bearings, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a shaft, of a muller loose on said shaft and having a concentric `and an eccentric bearing thereon, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a shaft having a concentric and an eccentric journal, of a muller having bearings engaging said journals, and an opposing grinding surface for said muller, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with a mortar, of a muller having a grinding surface engaging the same, a concentric guiding bearing for the muller above said grinding surface, and an eccentric actuating bearing, substantially as.

set forth.

5. The combination of a mortar, a shaft vertically movable relative thereto, and hav- 1 ing an eccentric bearing, a rolling muller actuated by said bearing, and a guiding bearing on the shaft and engaging the muller, substantially as set forth.

IIO

as set forth.

9. Ahemispherical muller having an annular grinding periphery on its bottom face, and composed of wedge-shaped sections substantially as set forth.

lO. A muller composed of wedge-shaped sections having inwardly extending arms, and bearings between said sections and at the inner ends of said arms, substantially as set forth.

rll. The combination with the mullet', and a shaft engaging the same bybearngs as described, of a dust guard connecting the contiguous ends of said bearings and inclosing them, substantially as setforth.

l2. The combination with the muller hav` ing an opening, of spherical bearings in said opening made in two or more parts, and inclosing plates 31, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of the muller, and the base composed of wedge-shaped sections and having a mortar, a seriesof openings formed between said sections, and a collecting chamber formed within the base with which said openings communicate, substantially as set forth.

14. The combination with the base having an annular mortar, and hopper around the same, of the plate 12 in said hopper, and having between it and the hoppera feeding space, substantially as set forth.

l5'. VThe pnlverizer base composed of wedgeshaped sections extending inwardly, each formed with a channel, the channels of said sections constituting a mortar, substantially as set forth.

16. A muller base having an annular mortar composed of grooved sections, and. a renewable grinding surface formed by .a ring composed of a series of sections situated and held in proper relation to each other in said mortar, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE PORTLOCK JANES.

Witnesses:

EZRA BAIRD, GEORGE K. REED. 

